Copyright Notice
Copyright © 2026 Alexander (Sasha) Apartsin and Yehudit Aperstein. All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise) without the prior written permission of the copyright holders, except for brief quotations embedded in critical articles, scholarly reviews, or as expressly permitted by applicable copyright law.
Disclaimer of Warranty
The information in this book is provided as-is, without warranty of any kind, express or implied, including but not limited to warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, and non-infringement.
The authors and publisher have made every effort to ensure the accuracy of the information herein at the time of publication. The field of artificial intelligence evolves rapidly; APIs, model behaviors, library interfaces, regulations, and best practices may change after publication. Code examples are intended for educational illustration and may require adaptation for production use.
In no event shall the authors or publisher be liable for any direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, special, or exemplary damages arising out of or in connection with the use of, or reliance on, the information contained in this book, including but not limited to financial loss, data loss, security incidents, or regulatory penalties.
Readers are responsible for evaluating the suitability of any technique, framework, library, or model described in this book for their specific use case, and for complying with all applicable laws, regulations, terms of service, and ethical guidelines.
Trademark Acknowledgements
Trademarked names, logos, and product names mentioned in this book are the property of their respective owners. They are used throughout the text in an editorial fashion only, for identification and reference, with no intention of infringement on the trademark.
- GPT, GPT-3, GPT-4, GPT-4o, ChatGPT, Codex, DALL·E, and OpenAI are trademarks or registered trademarks of OpenAI, OpCo, LLC.
- Claude, Claude 3, Claude 3.5, and Anthropic are trademarks of Anthropic, PBC.
- Gemini, Bard, PaLM, Imagen, Vertex AI, Google Cloud, and Google are trademarks of Google LLC.
- Llama, Llama 2, Llama 3, and Meta AI are trademarks of Meta Platforms, Inc.
- Hugging Face and the Hugging Face logo are trademarks of Hugging Face, Inc. Transformers, Datasets, Accelerate, and PEFT are open-source projects by Hugging Face.
- PyTorch is a trademark of The Linux Foundation. TensorFlow is a trademark of Google LLC.
- NVIDIA, CUDA, TensorRT, and NeMo are trademarks of NVIDIA Corporation.
- Microsoft, Azure, Copilot, GitHub, Bing, and Visual Studio Code are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
- AWS, Amazon Bedrock, and Kindle Direct Publishing (KDP) are trademarks of Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates.
- LangChain, LangGraph, LangSmith are trademarks of LangChain, Inc. LlamaIndex is a trademark of Run-Llama, Inc. CrewAI is a trademark of CrewAI, Inc.
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All other trademarks, service marks, registered trademarks, and registered service marks are the property of their respective owners. Use of these names in this book does not imply, in any manner, endorsement of this book by the trademark holders, nor does it imply that the trademark holders endorse the products or services described herein.
Code Examples
Code examples in this book may be used in your own programs and documentation. You do not need to contact the authors for permission unless you are reproducing a substantial portion of the code (more than ~30 contiguous lines) or selling or distributing CDs, books, collections, or examples derived primarily from this book's code. Attribution is appreciated but not required for incidental use.
Suggested attribution format:
From Apartsin, A. & Aperstein, Y. (2026), Building Conversational AI with LLMs and Agents, Sixteenth Edition.
Edition
Sixteenth Edition · First published 2026 · ISBN: assigned by Amazon KDP at publication.